CD96

CD96
Identifiers
Aliases	CD96, TACTILE, CD96 molecule
External IDs	OMIM: 606037 MGI: 1934368 HomoloGene: 68489 GeneCards: CD96
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 3 (human)
End	111,665,750 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 16 (mouse)
End	45,940,614 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	lymph node; ; blood; ; spleen; ; appendix; ; gallbladder; ; rectum; ; bone marrow cells; ; thymus; ; upper lobe of left lung; ; thymus;
	Top expressed in
	thymus; ; seminiferous tubule; ; blood; ; pharynx; ; spleen; ; subcutaneous adipose tissue; ; secondary oocyte; ; jejunum; ; duodenum; ; spermatid;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Orthologs
	10225
	84544
	ENSG00000153283
	ENSMUSG00000022657
	P40200; Q8WUE2
	Q3U0X8
	NM_005816; NM_198196; NM_001318889
	NM_032465
	NP_001305818; NP_005807; NP_937839; NP_001305818.1
	NP_115854
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

CD96 (Cluster of Differentiation 96) or Tactile (T cell activation, increased late expression) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD96 gene.^[5] CD96 is a receptor protein which is expressed on T cells and NK cells and shares sequence similarity with CD226 (also known as DNAM-1).^[6] The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. It is a type I membrane protein. The protein may play a role in the adhesion of activated T and NK cells to their target cells during the late phase of the immune response. It may also function in antigen presentation^{[citation needed]}. Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified. CD96 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that has three extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains and is expressed by all resting human and mouse NK cells. CD96 main ligand is CD155. CD 96 has approximately 20% homology with CD226 and competed for binding to CD155 with CD226.^[7]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. It is a type I membrane protein. The protein may play a role in the adhesive interactions of activated T and NK cells during the late phase of the immune response. It may also function in antigen presentation. Alternative splicing generates multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016].

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000153283 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022657 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Entrez Gene: CD96 molecule". Retrieved 2018-07-03.
^ Fuchs A, Colonna M (October 2006). "The role of NK cell recognition of nectin and nectin-like proteins in tumor immunosurveillance". Seminars in Cancer Biology. 16 (5): 359–366. doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2006.07.002. PMID 16904340.
^ Martinet L, Smyth MJ (April 2015). "Balancing natural killer cell activation through paired receptors". Nature Reviews. Immunology. 15 (4): 243–254. doi:10.1038/nri3799. PMID 25743219. S2CID 20825600.

Fuchs A, Cella M, Giurisato E, Shaw AS, Colonna M (April 2004). "Cutting edge: CD96 (tactile) promotes NK cell-target cell adhesion by interacting with the poliovirus receptor (CD155)". Journal of Immunology. 172 (7): 3994–3998. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.172.7.3994. PMID 15034010.
Hosen N, Park CY, Tatsumi N, Oji Y, Sugiyama H, Gramatzki M, et al. (June 2007). "CD96 is a leukemic stem cell-specific marker in human acute myeloid leukemia". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 104 (26): 11008–11013. Bibcode:2007PNAS..10411008H. doi:10.1073/pnas.0704271104. PMC 1904175. PMID 17576927.
Kaname T, Yanagi K, Chinen Y, Makita Y, Okamoto N, Maehara H, et al. (October 2007). "Mutations in CD96, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, cause a form of the C (Opitz trigonocephaly) syndrome". American Journal of Human Genetics. 81 (4): 835–841. doi:10.1086/522014. PMC 2227933. PMID 17847009.
Meyer D, Seth S, Albrecht J, Maier MK, du Pasquier L, Ravens I, et al. (January 2009). "CD96 interaction with CD155 via its first Ig-like domain is modulated by alternative splicing or mutations in distal Ig-like domains". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 284 (4): 2235–2244. doi:10.1074/jbc.M807698200. PMID 19056733.
Davila S, Froeling FE, Tan A, Bonnard C, Boland GJ, Snippe H, et al. (April 2010). "New genetic associations detected in a host response study to hepatitis B vaccine". Genes and Immunity. 11 (3): 232–238. doi:10.1038/gene.2010.1. PMID 20237496. S2CID 11183658.
Wu Y, Xiao M, Zhu L, Zhou XX, Gong Q, Xin X, et al. (June 2011). "[CD96 expression on bone marrow mononuclear cells in 91 patients with acute leukemia]". Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi (in Chinese). 19 (3): 585–588. PMID 21729528.
Mohseni Nodehi S, Repp R, Kellner C, Bräutigam J, Staudinger M, Schub N, et al. (2012). "Enhanced ADCC activity of affinity maturated and Fc-engineered mini-antibodies directed against the AML stem cell antigen CD96". PLOS ONE. 7 (8): e42426. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...742426M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0042426. PMC 3411760. PMID 22879978.
Eriksson EM, Keh CE, Deeks SG, Martin JN, Hecht FM, Nixon DF (2012). "Differential expression of CD96 surface molecule represents CD8⁺ T cells with dissimilar effector function during HIV-1 infection". PLOS ONE. 7 (12): e51696. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...751696E. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051696. PMC 3521672. PMID 23272144.
Chávez-González A, Dorantes-Acosta E, Moreno-Lorenzana D, Alvarado-Moreno A, Arriaga-Pizano L, Mayani H (May 2014). "Expression of CD90, CD96, CD117, and CD123 on different hematopoietic cell populations from pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia". Archives of Medical Research. 45 (4): 343–350. doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2014.04.001. PMID 24751333.

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This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000153283 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022657 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[entrez-5] "Entrez Gene: CD96 molecule". Retrieved 2018-07-03.

[Fuchs-2006-6] Fuchs A, Colonna M (October 2006). "The role of NK cell recognition of nectin and nectin-like proteins in tumor immunosurveillance". Seminars in Cancer Biology. 16 (5): 359–366. doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2006.07.002. PMID 16904340.

[Smyth-2015-7] Martinet L, Smyth MJ (April 2015). "Balancing natural killer cell activation through paired receptors". Nature Reviews. Immunology. 15 (4): 243–254. doi:10.1038/nri3799. PMID 25743219. S2CID 20825600.

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Function

References

Further reading