Ba 'Alawi sada

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
(Redirected from Ba'Alawi sadah)
This article is about the family. For the Ba'Alawi sufi order, see Ba'Alawi tariqa.
Ba 'Alawi
با علوى
Ba 'Alawi Sada people of Indonesia
Current regionYemen, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, United Arab Emirates, India, Bangladesh, Singapore, Maldives, Comoros, South Africa, Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Place of originHadhramaut
Memberssee #List of Families
Connected familiesal-Rayyan, Thangal, Nuwaythi, Ba Mashkoor, Ba Rumaidaan, Ba Hamaam, al-Amoodi, Ba Naeemi, Ba Hammudi
TraditionsBa'Alawi tariqa

The Ba 'Alawi sadah or Sadah Ba 'Alawi (Arabic: السادة آل باعلوي, romanized: al-sādatu al-bā'alawiy) are a group of Hadhrami Sayyid families and social group originating in Hadhramaut in the southwest corner of the Arabian Peninsula. They claimed their lineage to Sayyid al-Imam Ahmad al-Muhajir bin Isa al-Rumi born in 873 (260H), who emigrated from Basra to Hadhramaut[1] in 931 (320H) to avoid sectarian violence, including the invasion of the Qaramite forces into the Abbasid Caliphate.

The origin

The word Sadah or Sadat (Arabic: سادة) is a plural form of word Arabic: سيد (Sayyid), while the word Ba 'Alawi or Bani 'Alawi means descendants of Alawi (Bā is a Hadhramaut dialect form of Bani). In sum, Ba'alawi are Sayyid people who have a blood descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through Alawi ibn Ubayd Allah ibn Ahmad al-Muhajir. Meanwhile, Alawiyyin (Arabic: العلويّن; al-`alawiyyin) Sayyid term is used to describe descendants of Ali bin Abi Talib from Husayn ibn Ali (Sayyids) and Hasan ibn Ali (Sharifs). All people of Ba 'Alawi are Alawiyyin Sayyids through Husayn ibn Ali, but not all people of Alawiyyin family are of Ba 'Alawi.

The Ba 'Alawi tariqa is a Sufi order founded by one of Ahmad al-Muhajir's descendant, Muhammad al-Faqih al-Muqaddam and named after and closely tied to the Ba 'Alawi family.

Imam al-Muhajir's grandson Alawi was the first Sayyid to be born in Hadhramaut, and the only one of Imam al-Muhajir's descendants to produce a continued line; the lineages of Imam al-Muhajir's other grandsons, Basri and Jadid, were cut off after several generations. Accordingly, Imam Al-Muhajir's descendants in Hadhramaut hold the name Bā 'Alawi ("descendants of Alawi").

The Ba 'Alawi Sadah have since been living in Hadhramaut in Southern Yemen, maintaining the Sunni Creed in the fiqh school of Shafi'i. In the beginning, a descendant of Imam Ahmad al-Muhajir who became scholar in Islamic studies was called Imam, then Sheikh, but later called Habib.

It was only since 1700 AD they began to migrate[2] in large numbers out of Hadhramaut across all over the globe, often to practice da'wah (Islamic missionary work).[3] Their travels had also brought them to the Southeast Asia. These hadhrami immigrants blended with their local societies unusual in the history of diasporas. For example, the House of Jamalullail of Perlis is descended from the Ba 'Alawi. Habib Salih of Lamu, Kenya was also descended from the Ba 'Alawi. In Indonesia, quite a few of these migrants married local women or men, sometimes nobility or even royal families, and their descendants then became sultans or kings, such as in Sultanate of Pontianak or in Sultanate of Siak Indrapura.[4] The Sultanates of Sulu, Lanao, and Maguindanao as well trace their origins to the esteemed lineage of the Ba Alawi Sada. These Sultanates follow the Shafi'i school of jurisprudence.[5][6]

People

Further information: List of Ba'alawi people

List of Families

Some of the family names are as follows:[7][8]

The Family Names of Ba'Alawi
Latin Arabic
Aṭṭās, al- العطّاس
Aỳdarūs, al- العيدروس
ʻAydīd, al- آل عيديد
Bā ʻaqīl باعقيل
Al-Maqdi المقدي
Bā ʻabūd باعبود
Bār, al- البار
Bā Surrah باصره
Bayḍ, al- البيض
Balfaqīh بلفقيه
Fadʻaq فدعق
Ḥabshī, al- الحبشي
Ḥaddād, al- الحدّاد
Haddār, al- الهدار
Hādī, al- الهادي
Ḥāmid, al- الحامد
The Family Names of Ba'Alawi (cont.)
Latin Arabic
Jamalullaīl جمل الليل
Jufrī, al- الجفري
Junaīd, al- الجنيد
Kāf, al- الكاف
Khanīmān خنيمان
Maṣhoor, al- المشهور
Muḥdhār, al- المحضار
Musāwá, al- المساوى
Mushayyakh, al- آل مشيَّخ
Muṭahar مطهر
Saqqāf, al- السقاف
Shihāb Uddīn, al- آل شهاب الدين
Shāṭirī, al- الشاطري
Shāīkh ābū Bakr, al- آل الشيخ أبو بكر
Sumaith, bin بن سميط
Yaḥyá, bin ابن يحيى
The Family Names of Ba'Alawi (cont.)
Latin Arabic
Aʻyun, al- الأعين
Aẓamāt Khān عظمات خان
Bā Hāshim, al- باهاشم
Bā Rūm, al- الباروم
Bā Sakūt, al- البا سكوتا
Bā Hāroon Jamalullaīl باهارون جمل الليل
Bā Raqbah بارقبة
Bin Hāroon بن هارون
Bin Hāshim بن هاشم
Bin Murshed بن مرشد
Bin Shahel, al- آل بن سهل
Bin Jindan بن جندان
Hindūān, al- الهندوان
Ḥiyyed, al- الحييد
Ibrāhīm, al- الإبراهيم
Jadīd جديد
Khirid, al- الخرد
Nadhiry, al ال النضيري
The Family Names of Ba'Alawi (cont.)
Latin Arabic
ʻAdanī, al- العدنى
Bā ʻAlawī باعلوي
Bā Faraj بافرج
Bā Nahsan بانحسن
Bā Shaibān باشيبان
Ba ʻUmar باعمر
Abū Fuṭaīm ابو فطيم
Madaīḥij, al- المديحج
Mawlá Kháilah مولى خيلة
Mawlá Dawīlah مولى الدويلة
Munawwar, al- المنور
Qadrī, al- القدرى
Ṣāfiy, al- الصافي
Ṣāfiy al-Jufrī, al- الصافى الجفرى
Ṣāfiy Al-Saqqāf, al- الصافى السقاف
Zāhir, al- الزاهر

Disputes and Rebuttals

[9]Questionable Lineage to Muhammad

Many people in Indonesia dispute even reject the validity of Ba 'Alawi sada linkage with Islamic prophet Muhammad. [10]This controversy arises from a conjecture that Ubaydillah figure who is claimed as a descendant of Ahmad al-Muhajir has not been mentioned in books until about five centuries after his lifetime.[11][12] This argument is based on a book (written in 6th century hijri ) named "Al-Sajarah Al-Mubarakah fi Ansaab Al-Thalibiyya" by Al-Fakhrurazi.[13][9] The book clearly states that Ahmad bin Isa had only three children: Muhammad, Ali, and Hussein.[9] Furthermore, their argument is also based on the results of Y-DNA tests conducted on 130 samples of individuals who claimed of the Ba Alawi clan,[14] which did not show any correspondence with the haplogroup of the Banu Quraysh.[15]

According to the deniers, the counterarguments against the narration are based on dreams, which are regarded as an invalid way and not based on facts.[16]

Many scholars criticize the method used by these deniers, especially requiring the lineage must be mentioned by a book in the time of the questionable person (Ubaidillah). The reasons[17] are based on the conventions accepted by scholars of Nasab around the world. As described in the book "رسائل فى علم نسب" (The summary of Genealogy science):[18]

  • The story of Ba'alawi sada spreads widely and is well known in many places and countries.
  • It is recorded in many credible books written by credible and trusted experts in the field of lineage.
  • Testimonials based on religious authority.
  • Recognized at least by one tribe.
  • Confession of a sane man that so-and-so is his son.

The name "Ba-Alawi" has been mentioned in some books in 8th centuries. A recent finding of the manuscript of Imam Tirmidhi written in around 589 H, hence a contemporary book debunking the deniers' claim, mentioned a person named Muhammad Sahib Mirbath from Ba'alawi family.[19][20]. A Genealogy scholar in 8th Hijri, Bahaudin Al-Janadi in his book, "As-Suluk Fi Thobaqotil Ulama Wal Muluk"[21] said:

Among them (Bait Abi Alawi) is Hasan bin Muhammad bin Ali Ba 'Alawi (who belongs to the Alawi lineage), he is a jurist who memorizes outside the head of the Al-Wajiz book is imam Ghozali" (volume 2, page 463).

There is no consensus among scholars regarding the use of DNA testing to trace distant lineage. Many Islamic scholars of genealogy, such as Mufti of Egypt Shaikh Shauqi 'Allam permits the use of DNA testing to establish lineage, but rejects its use to negate lineage. (He is referring to close lineage between father and child in this context.) [22]. Another scholar, Manshur Al-Hashimi Al-Amir states that DNA testing cannot be used to establish distant lineage, especially if that lineage has already been established through legal recognition and benefit (syuhrah wal istifadzah).However, it can be used to deny close lineage between father and child [1]. On the other side , the Nahdlatul Ulama conference in 2004 permitted the use of DNA testing to refute lineage.[23] Another scholar, named Manshur Al-Hashimi Al-Amir from Mecca, also says that DNA testing is unnecessary and not needed to proof a lineage of Ba'alawi that has been well known and popular.[2][18]

According to the Ba 'Alawi project on familytreedna,[24] individuals participating in the project exhibit a diverse range of haplogroups [14]. Individuals from the Al-Habshi (from Indonesia), Jamalul Lail, Al-Hadi (from Indonesia), and Al-Saqqaf families affiliated with the haplogroup G.[14] In contrast, the Bani Quraish, to which the Prophet Muhammad belonged,[25] are associated with haplogroup J1.[15] This finding suggests that the Ba Alawi lineage does not descend directly from the Prophet Muhammad, but rather has a genetically distinct line of ancestry.[26]

Some authoritative muslim scholars such as former Mufti of Egypt Shaikh Ali Jum'ah,[27] Sayyid Usamah Al-Azhari of Al-Azhar University in Egypt,[28] Iranian Ayatollah Sayyid Mahdi Rajai,[29][30] a Nasab scholar, and Saudi Arabian Geneolog Sharif Anas bin Yaqub Al-Kutaby [31], all asserted their opinion that Ba 'Alawi sada family lineage is indeed connected to Muhammad.

The deniers even question the validity of tomb of Ahmad Muhajir[32] is in Husaisa[33][34].[35][36] Despite many facts that Ahmad Ibn Isa migrated to Hadramaut and was buried is in Husaisa[37][38][39], the deniers claim that Ahmad Al-Muhajir never moved to Hadramaut. The authenticity of Ahmad bin Isa's tomb is questioned because it was not found at the end of the 9th Hijri century and was only discovered based on supernatural guidance around the 10th Hijri century.[40]

See also

References

  1. ^ Bang, Anne K. (2003). Sufis and Scholars of the Sea: Family Networks in East Africa, 1860–1925. Routledge. p. 12. ISBN 978-0-415-31763-4.
  2. ^ "Bani alari migration map". img47.imageshack.us. Archived from the original on 2011-07-19.
  3. ^ Ibrahim, Ahmad; Siddique, Sharon & Hussain, Yasmin, eds. (December 31, 1985). Readings on Islam in Southeast Asia. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 407. ISBN 978-9971-988-08-1.
  4. ^ Freitag, Ulrike & Clarence-Smith, William G., eds. (1997). Hadhrami Traders, Scholars and Statesmen in the Indian Ocean, 1750s to 1960s. Vol. 57 (illustrated ed.). BRILL. p. 9. ISBN 978-90-04-10771-7.
  5. ^ Abdurahman, Habib Jamasali Sharief Rajah Bassal (2002). The Sultanate of Sulu. University of Michigan: Astoria Print. & Publishing Company. p. 88. ISBN 9789719262701.
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference Genealogy of Sultan Sharif Ul-Hashim of Sulu Sultanate was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ "أنسآب السادة العلويين آل باعلوي" [Genealogy of the Alawite masters, the Ba'alawi family]. Shabwaah Press (in Arabic). Retrieved September 11, 2014.
  8. ^ "Gelar Keluarga Alawiyyin Habaib". Ustaz Syed Faiz (in Indonesian). 16 February 2013. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
  9. ^ a b c Utsman al Bantani, Imaduddin. "Terputusnya nasab Habib kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW" (PDF). Nahdlatul Ulum. Retrieved 2024-08-26.
  10. ^ "Padasuka TV survey".
  11. ^ "Buku Nasab Kedua KH - Imaduddin Utsman | PDF". Scribd (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2023-12-14.
  12. ^ "Empat Nama Nasab Ba Alawi Terindikasi Kuat Fiktif" [Four Ba Alawi Lineage Names Strongly Indicated as Fictional]. RMI PWNU Banten (in Indonesian). 2023-07-17. Retrieved 2023-12-14.
  13. ^ Robbani, Moh Zaim (2023-08-14). "Menjawab Pro-Kontra Nasab Baalawi". AnnajahSidogiri.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-08-30.
  14. ^ a b c Huseini, Alawi. "Ba Alawi sada Y DNA result". Familytreedna.
  15. ^ a b Alharazi, Abdullah. "Quraysh & Banu-Hashem".
  16. ^ "Nasab Ba Alawi di Itsbat oleh Mimpi-Mimpi" [Ba Alawi Lineage Confirmed by Dreams]. Nahdlatul Ulum (in Indonesian). 2023-08-13. Retrieved 2023-12-14.
  17. ^ Al-Lijari, Mahbub (2023). Menjawab Polemik Nasab Alawi (1st ed.). Maktabah As-Sunniyah.
  18. ^ a b Al-Hashimi, Husain bin Haidar (July 20, 2016). "رسائل في علم النسب". Retrieved 2024-08-17.
  19. ^ BUKTI SEZAMAN] Nama “UBAIDILLAH” Tertulis dengan Jelas sebagai Putra Ahmad bin Isa an-Naqib (in Indonesian). Retrieved August 29, 2024.
  20. ^ "مخطوط-سنن-الترمذي-نسخه-الكروخي" (in Arabic). Retrieved August 29, 2024.
  21. ^ Al-Janadi, Bahauddin. السلك فى طبقة العلماء والملك. p. 463.
  22. ^ Oase Hikmah Channel (2023-08-04). Tes DNA Bisakah Digunakan Untuk Menentukan NASAB? I Syaikh Syauqi 'Allam I Mufti Mesir. Retrieved 2024-08-27 – via YouTube.
  23. ^ Manhajuna, Redaksi (2023-06-01). "Keputusan Muktamar NU Ke-31 Tahun 2004 Tentang Penetapan Nasab Berdasarkan Tes DNA". Situs Resmi Yayasan Manhajuna | Madania Salam (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-08-25.
  24. ^ Huseini, Alawi. "Ba Alawi". Familytreedna.
  25. ^ Hanif Rahman, Muhammad. "Mengenal Suku Quraisy dan 7 Keistimewaanya". Nahdlatul Ulama.
  26. ^ Utsman al Bantani, Imaduddin. "Debat DNA Padasuka TV: Dr. Sugeng Sugiharto".
  27. ^ "Syekh Ali Jum'ah: Nasab Sadah Ba'alawi valid keturunan Rasulullah" (in Indonesian). Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  28. ^ "Syekh Dr. Usamah Assayyid Al Azhari Bahas Sadah Ba'alawy". Retrieved August 18, 2024.
  29. ^ "Sayyid Mahdi Raja'i pentahqiq kitab Andalan Imad, mengakui Ba'Alawi".
  30. ^ BABEH ALDO AJE 135 (2024-06-26). PENGIKUT SEKTE IMADIYAH MAKIN TERGONCANG !! SAYYID MAHDI ROJA'I MENGAKUI BA'ALAWIY !!. Retrieved 2024-08-30 – via YouTube.{{cite AV media}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  31. ^ بن يعقوب الكتبي, الشريف أنس (January 30, 2017). "السادة آل باعلوي لآلِئُّ منثورة في بحر آل الرسول ." shabwaah-press.info. Retrieved 2024-08-30.
  32. ^ Martin, B.G. (1974). "Arab Migrations to East Africa in Medieval Times". The International Journal of African Historical Studies. 7 (3): 367–390 – via JSTOR.
  33. ^ "Aḥmad ibn ʿĪsā al-Muhājir | ʿAlawī ruler | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2024-08-30.
  34. ^ "Tomb of Ahmad bin Isa al-Muhajir | MCID". mcid.mcah.columbia.edu. Retrieved 2024-08-30.
  35. ^ ARPS, Grete Howard (2007-12-25), The Tomb of Ahmad Ibn Isa al-Muhajir, retrieved 2024-08-30
  36. ^ Abu Rumman, Mohammad (December 2020). Mysteries of the Sufi Path (PDF) (1st ed.). Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Jordan and Iraq Office. ISBN 978-9923-759-21-9. Retrieved August 17, 2024.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  37. ^ AMROH TV (2023-10-23). Melacak Ahmad Al Muhajir | Gus Rumail Abbas . Retrieved 2024-08-30 – via YouTube.
  38. ^ d'Santri (2024-07-30). Melacak Ahmad Al-Muhajir oleh Gus Rumail Abbas. Retrieved 2024-08-30 – via YouTube.
  39. ^ Pamitnya Ngantor (2024-06-24). Ahmad bin Isa Hijrah, kata Ulama Abad V H. Benarkah?. Retrieved 2024-08-30 – via YouTube.
  40. ^ bin Abdurrahman Shohibul Hamro, Umar. Fathur Rohimir Rohman. pp. 46–47.

Further reading

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ba_%27Alawi_sada&oldid=1243244546"