2020 Basque regional election

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2020 Basque regional election
← 2016 12 July 2020 2024 →
All 75 seats in the Basque Parliament
38 seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
Registered1,794,316 0.6%
Turnout911,089 (50.8%)
9.2 pp
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Iñigo Urkullu Maddalen Iriarte Idoia Mendia
Party EAJ/PNV EH Bildu PSE–EE (PSOE)
Leader since 2 December 2007 3 February 2020 20 September 2014
Leader's seat Álava Gipuzkoa Biscay
Last election 28 seats, 37.4% 18 seats, 21.1% 9 seats, 11.9%
Seats won 31 21 10
Seat change 3 3 1
Popular vote 349,960 249,580 122,248
Percentage 38.7% 27.6% 13.5%
Swing 1.3 pp 6.5 pp 1.6 pp
  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
Leader Miren Gorrotxategi Carlos Iturgaiz None[b]
Party Elkarrekin
Podemos–IU 		PP+Cs Vox
Leader since 27 February 2020 24 February 2020 —
Leader's seat Biscay Biscay —
Last election 11 seats, 14.8% 9 seats, 12.1%[a] 0 seats, 0.1%
Seats won 6 6 1
Seat change 5 3 1
Popular vote 72,113 60,650 17,569
Percentage 8.0% 6.7% 1.9%
Swing 6.8 pp 5.4 pp 1.8 pp
Lehendakari before election

Iñigo Urkullu
EAJ/PNV

Elected Lehendakari

Iñigo Urkullu
EAJ/PNV

The 2020 Basque regional election was held on Sunday, 12 July 2020, to elect the 12th Parliament of the Basque Autonomous Community. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election. The election was initially scheduled for 5 April 2020 but was postponed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. It was held simultaneously with a regional election in Galicia.

On 4 February 2020, Lehendakari Iñigo Urkullu had discussed holding a snap election within a cabinet meeting, fulfilling a legal requirement previous to any election call and sparking speculation that a regional election was imminent.[2][3][4] Six days later, on 10 February, Urkullu confirmed the election for 5 April, seeking to distance himself from the convoluted political landscape in Catalonia after a 2020 election in the region was announced by Catalan president Quim Torra.[5][6][7] The announcement of the Basque election prompted Galician president Alberto Núñez Feijóo to trigger a snap election in Galicia as well.[8][9] However, on 16 March it was announced that the vote would be postponed for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain, shortly after Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez's declaration of a nationwide lockdown in the country starting on the previous day.[10][11][12]

Urkullu's Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) maintained its status as the largest party in the Basque Parliament with its best result since 1984, which coupled to an increase in support of one seat for the centre-left Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE-EE)—its coalition partner during the previous legislature—allowed Urkullu to establish a majority coalition government. The left-wing regional nationalist EH Bildu topped its best historical result, benefitting from the collapse of the United We Can–United Left (Elkarrekin Podemos) alliance, which lost nearly half its support. The PP+Cs alliance compromising both the People's Party (PP) and Citizens (Cs) lost roughly half of the seats won by the PP in the 2016 election, although Cs entered the regional parliament for the first time with 2 seats whereas the PP was allocated the alliance's remaining 4. The far-right Spanish unionist Vox entered the Parliament for the first time with one seat. Equo was not able to secure parliamentary representation after having won one seat as a member of the Elkarrekin Podemos alliance in 2016.

Overview

Electoral system

The Basque Parliament was the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of the Basque Country, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution and the Basque Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a lehendakari.[13] Voting for the Parliament was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age, registered in the Basque Country and in full enjoyment of their political rights. Additionally, Basques abroad were required to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado).[14]

The 75 members of the Basque Parliament were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of Álava, Biscay and Gipuzkoa, with each being allocated a fixed number of 25 seats in order to provide for an equal parliamentary representation of the three provinces, as required under the regional statute of autonomy.[13][15]

Election date

The term of the Basque Parliament expired four years after the date of its previous election, unless it was dissolved earlier. The election decree was required to be issued no later than the twenty-fifth day prior to the date of expiry of parliament and published on the following day in the Official Gazette of the Basque Country (BOPV), with election day taking place on the fifty-fourth day from publication. The previous election was held on 25 September 2016, which meant that the legislature's term would have expired on 25 September 2020. The election decree was required to be published in the BOPV no later than 1 September 2020, with the election taking place on the fifty-fourth day from publication, setting the latest possible election date for the Parliament on Sunday, 25 October 2020.[13][15][16]

The lehendakari had the prerogative to dissolve the Basque Parliament at any given time and call a snap election, provided that no motion of no confidence was in process. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a lehendakari within a sixty-day period from the Parliament re-assembly, the Parliament was to be dissolved and a fresh election called.[17]

On 4 February 2020, it was revealed that Iñigo Urkullu was considering holding a snap election within a short timeframe and that he had fulfilled legal requirements for it by raising such hypothesis within a cabinet meeting,[18][19] with 5 April being regarded as the most likely date.[2] The decision of Catalan president Quim Torra on 29 January to announce a snap Catalan regional election to be held at some point throughout 2020 was said to have raised concerns within Urkullu's government, as the Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) sought to prevent the next Basque regional election from being held simultaneously to prevent any interference from the Catalan political debate into the Basque campaign.[3][20][21]

Asked in a plenary session of parliament on 7 February on whether he would be dissolving the chamber within the following days, Urkullu refused to either explicitly confirm or reject such hypothesis, but asked opposition parties for a commitment to approve as many legislation as possible "now and in the future".[22][23] Sources within the Basque government pointed out that, for an election to be held on 5 April, the dissolution decree would have to be published in the BOPV on Tuesday, 11 February, and that if a snap election was to be eventually called the announcement of it happening could be delayed up to that day.[24][25] Finally, Urkullu confirmed on 10 February the election date for 5 April, with the subsequent dissolution of parliament to be made official on the next day.[6][26][27]

The Basque Parliament was officially dissolved on 11 February 2020 after the publication of the dissolution decree in the BOPV.[28] As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the election's original date was suspended on 16 March,[29] with it being rescheduled for 12 July 2020 on 18 May after the easing of virus spreading conditions and a reduction in the infection rate, resulting in the lockdown established by the state of alarm lasting from 15 March to 21 June.[10][30]

Parliamentary composition

The table below shows the composition of the parliamentary groups in the chamber at the time of dissolution.[31]

Parliamentary composition in February 2020[32]
Groups Parties Legislators
Seats Total
Basque Nationalists Parliamentary Group EAJ/PNV 28 28
EH Bildu Parliamentary Group EH Bildu 18 18
United We Can Parliamentary Group Podemos 8 11
EzAn–IU 2
Equo 1
Basque Socialists Parliamentary Group PSE–EE (PSOE) 9 9
Basque People's Parliamentary Group PP 9 9

Parties and candidates

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.[15][33]

Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:

Candidacy Parties and
alliances 		Leading candidate Ideology Previous result Gov. Ref.
Votes (%) Seats
EAJ/PNV
List
 Iñigo Urkullu Basque nationalism
Christian democracy
Social democracy 		37.36% 28 checkY [34]
EH Bildu
List
 Maddalen Iriarte Basque independence
Abertzale left
Socialism 		21.13% 18 ☒N [35]
[36]
[37]
Elkarrekin
Podemos–IU
List
 Miren Gorrotxategi Left-wing populism
Direct democracy
Democratic socialism 		14.76% 11 ☒N [38]
[39]
[40]
Equo
Berdeak–
Verdes
List
 José Ramón Becerra Green politics ☒N [41]
PP+Cs
List
 Carlos Iturgaiz Conservatism
Liberalism 		12.13%[a] 9 ☒N [42]
[43]
[44]
[45]
PSE–EE
(PSOE)
List
 Idoia Mendia Social democracy 11.86% 9 checkY [46]
Vox
List
 None[b] Right-wing populism
Ultranationalism
National conservatism 		0.07% 0 ☒N [1]

In August 2018, Pilar Zabala, the leader of Elkarrekin Podemos, announced that she would not seek reelection and would leave politics by the end of the legislature.[47] Ahead of the election, Equo was excluded from the coalition after the party had broken up with the Unidas Podemos nationwide alliance to join Más País in the lead up to the November 2019 Spanish general election.[48]

Alfonso Alonso had been initially scheduled to repeat as the leading candidate for the People's Party (PP) in the regional election, having been confirmed for the post on 10 February 2020.[49][50] However, the negotiation of a coalition with Citizens (Cs) which the Basque PP received with heavy criticism, amid claims of having been overruled and swept aside by the party's national leadership in the coalition talks,[51][52] triggered an internal clash which led national PP leader Pablo Casado to force Alonso's removal as candidate on 23 February and propose Carlos Iturgaiz for the post instead.[43]

Timetable

The key dates are listed below (all times are CET):[15][33][53][54][55]

  • 10 February: The election decree is issued with the countersign of the Lehendakari after deliberation in the Council of Government.[28]
  • 11 February: Formal dissolution of the Basque Parliament and beginning of a suspension period of events for the inauguration of public works, services or projects.
  • 14 February: Initial constitution of historical territory and zone electoral commissions.
  • 21 February: Deadline for parties and federations intending to enter into a coalition to inform the relevant electoral commission.
  • 2 March: Deadline for parties, federations, coalitions, and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates to the relevant electoral commission.
  • 4 March: Submitted lists of candidates are provisionally published in the Official Gazette of the Basque Country (BOPV).
  • 7 March: Deadline for citizens entered in the Register of Absent Electors Residing Abroad (CERA) and for citizens temporarily absent from Spain to apply for voting.
  • 8 March: Deadline for parties, federations, coalitions, and groupings of electors to rectify irregularities in their lists.
  • 9 March: Official proclamation of valid submitted lists of candidates.
  • 10 March: Proclaimed lists are published in the BOPV.
  • 16 March: Announcement of election postponement due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[56]
  • 20 March: Official start of electoral campaigning.[28]
  • 26 March: Deadline to apply for postal voting.
  • 31 March: Official start of legal ban on electoral opinion polling publication, dissemination or reproduction and deadline for CERA citizens to vote by mail.
  • 1 April: Deadline for postal and temporarily absent voters to issue their votes.
  • 3 April: Last day of official electoral campaigning and deadline for CERA citizens to vote in a ballot box in the relevant consular office or division.[28]
  • 4 April: Official 24-hour ban on political campaigning prior to the general election (reflection day).
  • 5 April: Polling day (polling stations open at 9 am and close at 8 pm or once voters present in a queue at/outside the polling station at 8 pm have cast their vote). Provisional counting of votes starts immediately.
  • 10 April: General counting of votes, including the counting of CERA votes.
  • 14 April: Deadline for the general counting of votes to be carried out by the relevant electoral commission.
  • 25 April: Deadline for elected members to be proclaimed by the relevant electoral commission.
  • 2 May: Final deadline for definitive results to be published in the BOPV.
  • 19 May: The election decree is newly issued with the countersign of the Lehendakari after deliberation in the Council of Government.[30]
  • 20 May: Beginning of a suspension period of events for the inauguration of public works, services or projects.
  • 25 May: Initial constitution of historical territory and zone electoral commissions.
  • 29 May: Deadline for parties and federations intending to enter into a coalition to inform the relevant electoral commission.
  • 8 June: Deadline for parties, federations, coalitions, and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates to the relevant electoral commission.
  • 10 June: Submitted lists of candidates are provisionally published in the BOPV.
  • 13 June: Deadline for citizens entered in the CERA and for citizens temporarily absent from Spain to apply for voting.
  • 14 June: Deadline for parties, federations, coalitions, and groupings of electors to rectify irregularities in their lists.
  • 15 June: Official proclamation of valid submitted lists of candidates.
  • 16 June: Proclaimed lists are published in the BOPV.
  • 26 June: Official start of electoral campaigning.[30]
  • 2 July: Deadline to apply for postal voting.
  • 7 July: Official start of legal ban on electoral opinion polling publication, dissemination or reproduction and deadline for CERA citizens to vote by mail.
  • 8 July: Deadline for postal and temporarily absent voters to issue their votes.
  • 10 July: Last day of official electoral campaigning and deadline for CERA citizens to vote in a ballot box in the relevant consular office or division.[30]
  • 11 July: Official 24-hour ban on political campaigning prior to the general election (reflection day).
  • 12 July: Polling day (polling stations open at 9 am and close at 8 pm or once voters present in a queue at/outside the polling station at 8 pm have cast their vote). Provisional counting of votes starts immediately.
  • 17 July: General counting of votes, including the counting of CERA votes.
  • 21 July: Deadline for the general counting of votes to be carried out by the relevant electoral commission.
  • 1 August: Deadline for elected members to be proclaimed by the relevant electoral commission.
  • 7 August: Final deadline for definitive results to be published in the BOPV.

Campaign

Party slogans

Party or alliance Original slogan[c] English translation Ref.
EAJ/PNV « Gure bidean »
« Hacemos Euskadi »
« Euskadi zutik, ¡saldremos! » 		"On our way"
"We make the Basque Country"
"Stand up Basque Country, we will get out!" 		[57]
[58][59]
EH Bildu « Erantzun berrien garaia da/Tiempo de respuestas. Egiteko prest » "Time for answers. Ready to do it" [60][61]
Elkarrekin Podemos « Podemos gobernar. Gobernatzeko prest » "We can govern. Ready to govern" [62]
PP+Cs « Un plan para el futuro »
« Etorkizunerako plana » 		"A plan for the future" [63]
PSE–EE (PSOE) « Ni un paso atrás »
« Aurrera goaz »
« Soluciones, erantzunak » 		"No step backwards"
"We go forward"
"Solutions, answers" 		[64][65]
[66][67]
Equo « Votemos distinto, salgamos mejores »
« Bozka aldatu, Euskadi hobetu » 		"Let's vote different, let's get better"
"Change the vote, improve the Basque Country" 		[68]
Vox « Habla por ti » "Speak by yourself" [69]

Election debates

2020 Basque regional election debates
Date Organisers Moderator(s)     P  Present[d]    S  Surrogate[e]    NI  Not invited   A  Absent invitee 
PNV EH Bildu EP PP+Cs PSE–EE Equo Audience Ref.
24 June Coordinadora de
ONGD de Euskadi 		Xabier Madariaga S
Arrizabalaga 		S
Otero 		P
Gorrotxategi 		S
Barrio 		S
Sánchez 		P
Becerra 		— [70]
[71]
26 June Cadena SER Eva Domaika S
Erkoreka 		S
Casanova 		P
Gorrotxategi 		S
Barrio 		P
Mendia 		NI — [72]
[73]
2 July ETB 1[f] Xabier Usabiaga P
Urkullu 		P
Iriarte 		P
Gorrotxategi 		S
Garrido 		P
Mendia 		P
Becerra 		1.5%
(8,000) 		[74]
[75]
6 July El Correo Marta Madruga
Olatz Barriuso 		S
Arrizabalaga 		S
Casanova 		P
Gorrotxategi 		P
Iturgaiz 		P
Mendia 		NI — [76]
[77]
7 July Euskadi Irratia[f] Maite Artola S
Egibar 		S
Kortajarena 		S
Martinez 		S
Garrido 		S
Andueza 		P
Becerra 		— [74]
[78]
7 July Radio Vitoria Pilar Ruiz de Larrea S
Suso 		S
Otero 		S
Martinez 		S
Barrio 		S
Sánchez 		P
Becerra 		— [74]
[79]
7 July ETB 2 Xabier García Ramsden P
Urkullu 		P
Iriarte 		P
Gorrotxategi 		P
Iturgaiz 		P
Mendia 		P
Becerra 		11.1%
(276,000) 		[80]
[81]
9 July Radio Euskadi Dani Álvarez S
Erkoreka 		S
Casanova 		S
Soto 		S
Barrio 		S
Pastor 		P
Becerra 		— [82]
[83]

Opinion polls

The tables below list opinion polling results in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll.

Graphical summary

Local regression trend line of poll results from 25 September 2016 to 12 July 2020, with each line corresponding to a political party.

Voting intention estimates

The table below lists weighted voting intention estimates. Refusals are generally excluded from the party vote percentages, while question wording and the treatment of "don't know" responses and those not intending to vote may vary between polling organisations. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 38 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Basque Parliament.

Color key:

  Poll conducted after legal ban on opinion polls

Voting preferences

The table below lists raw, unweighted voting preferences.

Victory preferences

The table below lists opinion polling on the victory preferences for each party in the event of a regional election taking place.

Victory likelihood

The table below lists opinion polling on the perceived likelihood of victory for each party in the event of a regional election taking place.

Preferred Lehendakari

The table below lists opinion polling on leader preferences to become lehendakari.

Voter turnout

The table below shows registered vote turnout on election day without including voters from the Census of Absent-Residents (CERA).

Province Time
12:00 17:00 20:00
2016 2020 +/– 2016 2020 +/– 2016 2020 +/–
Álava 13.92% 13.51% –0.41 42.48% 33.21% –9.27 61.09% 50.31% –10.78
Biscay 14.51% 13.49% –1.02 44.86% 36.40% –8.46 62.82% 52.52% –10.30
Gipuzkoa 17.53% 15.48% –2.05 44.46% 36.67% –7.79 61.87% 54.57% –7.30
Total 15.40% 14.14% –1.26 44.38% 36.02% –8.36 62.26% 52.86% –9.40
Sources[84]

Results

Overall

← Summary of the 12 July 2020 Basque Parliament election results →
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 349,960 38.70 +1.34 31 +3
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu) 249,580 27.60 +6.47 21 +3
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 122,248 13.52 +1.66 10 +1
United We Can–United Left (Podemos/Ahal Dugu, Ezker Anitza–IU) 72,113 7.97 –6.79 6 –5
People's Party+Citizens (PP+Cs)1 60,650 6.71 –5.42 6 –3
Vox (Vox) 17,569 1.94 +1.87 1 +1
Equo Greens–Basque Country Greens (Equo Berdeak–Verdes) 11,718 1.30 New 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA/ATTKAA) 4,895 0.54 –0.27 0 ±0
Blank Seats (EB/AZ) 2,465 0.27 +0.15 0 ±0
Zero Cuts–The Greens–Municipalists (Recortes Cero–LV–M) 1,304 0.14 –0.12 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 1,103 0.12 New 0 ±0
Free for the Basque Country (LxE/EaL) 699 0.08 New 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of the Basque Country (PCTE/ELAK) 549 0.06 New 0 ±0
Foralist League (LFF) 309 0.03 New 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 279 0.03 ±0.00 0 ±0
Libertarian Party (P–LIB) 176 0.02 New 0 ±0
Spanish Christian Democratic Union (UCDE) 121 0.01 New 0 ±0
Welcome (Ongi Etorri) 64 0.01 –0.03 0 ±0
Blank ballots 8,540 0.94 +0.31
Total 904,342 75 ±0
Valid votes 904,342 99.26 –0.30
Invalid votes 6,747 0.74 +0.30
Votes cast / turnout 911,089 50.78 –9.24
Abstentions 883,227 49.22 +9.24
Registered voters 1,794,316
Sources[85]
Footnotes:
Popular vote
EAJ/PNV
 
 38.70%
EH Bildu
 
 27.60%
PSE–EE (PSOE)
 
 13.52%
EP–IU
 
 7.97%
PP+Cs
 
 6.71%
Vox
 
 1.94%
Equo
 
 1.30%
Others
 
 1.32%
Blank ballots
 
 0.94%
Seats
EAJ/PNV
 
 41.33%
EH Bildu
 
 28.00%
PSE–EE (PSOE)
 
 13.33%
EP–IU
 
 8.00%
PP+Cs
 
 8.00%
Vox
 
 1.33%

Distribution by constituency

Constituency PNV EH Bildu PSE–EE EP–IU PP+Cs Vox
% S % S % S % S % S % S
Álava 31.9 9 24.6 6 15.5 4 8.0 2 11.4 3 3.8 1
Biscay 42.2 12 23.7 6 13.5 3 8.5 2 6.8 2 1.9 −
Gipuzkoa 36.1 10 34.9 9 12.8 3 7.1 2 4.6 1 1.3 −
Total 38.7 31 27.6 21 13.5 10 8.0 6 6.7 6 1.9 1
Sources[85]

Aftermath

Investiture
Ballot → 3 September 2020
Required majority → 38 out of 75
40 / 75
 checkY
21 / 75
 ☒N
Blank ballots
  • • EP (6)
  • • PP (4)
  • • Cs (2)
  • • Vox (1)
13 / 75
Absentees
1 / 75
Sources[86]

Notes

  1. ^ a b Results for PP (10.11%, 9 seats) and C's (2.02%, 0 seats) in the 2016 election.
  2. ^ a b Vox did not field a single candidate for the post of Lehendakari.[1]
  3. ^ The crossed-out slogans depicted below are the ones proposed for the 5 April election before its postponement.
  4. ^ Denotes a main invitee attending the event.
  5. ^ Denotes a main invitee not attending the event, sending a surrogate in their place.
  6. ^ a b Basque-spoken debate.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb Within PP+Cs.
  8. ^ a b Widespread fear to coronavirus pandemic-scenario.
  9. ^ a b Main scenario.
  10. ^ Mild fear to coronavirus pandemic-scenario.

References

Opinion poll sources
  1. ^ "El PNV ganaría las elecciones con una horquilla de 30-32, rozando el 40% del voto". EiTB (in Spanish). 12 July 2020.
  2. ^ "Dos encuestas confirman la victoria holgada de Urkullu a expensas del efecto de la baja participación". eldiario.es (in Spanish). 12 July 2020.
  3. ^ "EmojiPanel (Final): se seca la marea. La rosa y las uvas suben 1kg, bajan otro la berenjena y el agua con sabor a naranja". Electomanía (in Spanish). 10 July 2020. Archived from the original on 13 July 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  4. ^ "Encuesta ABC/GAD3: Feijóo obtendría su cuarta mayoría absoluta y Urkullu seguiría necesitando al PSE para gobernar". ABC (in Spanish). 12 July 2020.
  5. ^ "Encuesta de ABC/GAD3 al cierre de los colegios electorales en Galicia y País Vasco (12J)". GAD3 (in Spanish). 13 July 2020. Archived from the original on 17 July 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2020.
  6. ^ "EmojiPanel (10h): empate entre el queso y las rosas en Galicia. Germina cEHBollino en una maceta de las rosas vascas". Electomanía (in Spanish). 10 July 2020. Archived from the original on 13 July 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  7. ^ "EmojiPanel 'Txakoli Edition' (9Jul): sube algo la demanda de cEHBollino, pero los precios no cambian". Electomanía (in Spanish). 9 July 2020. Archived from the original on 9 July 2020. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  8. ^ "EmojiPanel 'Txakoli Edition' (8Jul): sube algo la demanda de los productos de los estantes de la derecha". Electomanía (in Spanish). 8 July 2020. Archived from the original on 8 July 2020. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
  9. ^ "EmojiPanel 'Txakoli Edition' (7Jul): el brócoli se cuela en la cesta alavesa". Electomanía (in Spanish). 7 July 2020. Archived from the original on 7 July 2020. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
  10. ^ "Urkullu ganaría, aunque en Euskadi por primera vez sería posible un tripartito vasco mayoritario de izquierdas". Público (in Spanish). 6 July 2020.
  11. ^ "EuskoPanel (5Jul): el PNV alcanza el 40% y le 'roba' un escaño al PSE". Electomanía (in Spanish). 5 July 2020. Archived from the original on 5 July 2020. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  12. ^ "Elecciones en plena pandemia: así podría afectar el miedo al COVID en Galicia y Euskadi". Electomanía (in Spanish). 6 July 2020. Archived from the original on 7 July 2020. Retrieved 6 July 2020.
  13. ^ "Sondeo: Feijóo arrasa en Galicia y Urkullu ve las orejas al lobo del tripartito". ESdiario (in Spanish). 6 July 2020.
  14. ^ "Último sondeo: Urkullu seguirá en Ajuria Enea si el PSOE no va a un tripartito con Podemos y Bildu". El Español (in Spanish). 6 July 2020.
  15. ^ "El PNV sigue al alza pero aún lejos de gobernar en solitario". La Razón (in Spanish). 6 July 2020.
  16. ^ "PAÍS VASCO. Encuesta NC Report 06/07/2020: EH BILDU 21,4% (17/18), EAJ-PNV 39,9% (31/32), ELKARREKIN PODEMOS-IU 11,8% (8/9), PSE-EE 14,4% (10/11), PP+Cs 8,8% (6/7), VOX 1,9% (0/1)". Electograph (in Spanish). 6 July 2020.
  17. ^ "El PNV podría gobernar Euskadi con mayoría absoluta eligiendo cuatro socios diferentes". eldiario.es (in Spanish). 6 July 2020.
  18. ^ "Urkullu se mantiene intratable y gobernará cómodo con el PSE". ABC (in Spanish). 5 July 2020.
  19. ^ "PAÍS VASCO. Encuesta GAD3 05/07/2020: EH BILDU 22,6% (18/19), EAJ-PNV 41,9% (32/33), ELKARREKIN PODEMOS-IU 9,8% (7/8), PSE-EE 13,0% (10), PP+Cs 7,2% (6/7), VOX 2,4%". Electograph (in Spanish). 5 July 2020.
  20. ^ "EuskoPanel (2Jul): Vox se queda sin escaño. Si aumentase la abstención como en Francia, EH Bildu + Podemos superarían al PNV". Electomanía (in Spanish). 2 July 2020. Archived from the original on 6 July 2020. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  21. ^ "El PNV, a un paso de romper su techo histórico en el Parlamento Vasco". El Mundo (in Spanish). 6 July 2020.
  22. ^ "PAÍS VASCO. Encuesta SigmaDos 06/07/2020: EH BILDU 20,6% (17), EAJ-PNV 43,8% (34/35), ELKARREKIN PODEMOS-IU 10,1% (6/7), PSE-EE 14,5% (11), PP+Cs 7,6% (6), VOX 1,0%". Electograph (in Spanish). 6 July 2020.
  23. ^ "Álava, clave el 12J para que Vox pueda conseguir su primer escaño en el Parlamento". EiTB (in Spanish). 6 July 2020.
  24. ^ "Urkullu volverá a ganar, PP+Cs perderá un tercio de los escaños y Vox tendrá su primer diputado". OKDiario (in Spanish). 6 July 2020.
  25. ^ "Urkullu acaricia el mejor resultado del PNV en 40 años". El País (in Spanish). 6 July 2020.
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  27. ^ "Barómetro: el PNV ganaría las elecciones vascas pero necesitaría llegar a pactos para gobernar". Antena 3 (in Spanish). 28 June 2020.
  28. ^ "EuskoPanel (28J): Vox recupera sus opciones de entrar por la circunscripción de Álava". Electomanía (in Spanish). 28 June 2020. Archived from the original on 29 June 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2020.
  29. ^ "El PNV refuerza su ventaja, la coalición con el PSE se consolida y el PP+Cs cae". El Correo (in Spanish). 5 July 2020.
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  31. ^ "EuskoPanel (25J): pocos cambios en el panorama político vasco". Electomanía (in Spanish). 25 June 2020. Archived from the original on 29 June 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2020.
  32. ^ "Elecciones vascas: el PNV volvería a ganar, pero necesitaría otra alianza con los socialistas". La Razón (in Spanish). 28 June 2020.
  33. ^ "PAÍS VASCO. Encuesta NC Report 28/06/2020: EH BILDU 22,1% (18), EAJ-PNV 39,2% (30/31), ELKARREKIN PODEMOS-IU 10,5% (7/8), PSE-EE 14,0% (11), PP+Cs 9,9% (7/8), VOX 2,4% (0/1)". Electograph (in Spanish). 28 June 2020.
  34. ^ "EuskoPanel (21J): EH Bildu continúa su ascenso. Sube el PSE, bajan PNV y PP+Cs". Electomanía (in Spanish). 21 June 2020. Archived from the original on 22 June 2020. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
  35. ^ "Estimación Junio 2020. Euskadi/País Vasco. Autonómicas Julio 2020". SyM Consulting (in Spanish). 26 June 2020.
  36. ^ "PAÍS VASCO. Encuesta SyM Consulting 26/06/2020: EH BILDU 22,6% (17/18), EAJ-PNV 38,7% (30), ELKARREKIN PODEMOS-IU 9,7% (8/9), PSE-EE 14,9% (11/12), PP+Cs 9,3% (6/7), VOX 2,1% (0/1)". Electograph (in Spanish). 26 June 2020.
  37. ^ "Urkullu camina hacia la mayoría absoluta con los socialistas, Podemos cae tres escaños e Iturgaiz podría salvar los muebles". eldiario.es (in Spanish). 23 June 2020.
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  39. ^ "Estimación de voto (Estudio nº 3286. Junio 2020)" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 24 June 2020.
  40. ^ "El PNV obtendría 32 escaños en las elecciones del 12 de julio". EiTB (in Spanish). 24 June 2020.
  41. ^ "EuskoPanel (18J): EH Bildu sigue en alza en votos, pequeño trasvase entre PSE y PP+Cs". Electomanía (in Spanish). 18 June 2020. Archived from the original on 23 June 2020. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
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  43. ^ "Sondeos: PNV, Bildu y PSE se refuerzan en la pandemia mientras PP y UP se debilitan ante las elecciones vascas". Público (in Spanish). 10 June 2020.
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  47. ^ "Explosión política de 'vasquitis'". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). 30 May 2020.
  48. ^ "Urkullu sortea la crisis y ensancha su mayoría con los socialistas". ABC (in Spanish). 31 May 2020.
  49. ^ "PAÍS VASCO. Encuesta GAD3 31/05/2020: EH BILDU 22,2% (18), EAJ-PNV 40,4% (30/31), ELKARREKIN PODEMOS-IU 10,9% (8/9), PSE-EE 12,4% (10), PP+Cs 9,4% (7/9), VOX 1,7%". Electograph (in Spanish). 31 May 2020.
  50. ^ "La coalición PP+Cs en el País Vasco duplica su expectativa de voto por la crisis del coronavirus". VozPópuli (in Spanish). 25 May 2020.
  51. ^ "El PNV y el PSE-EE se reforzarían y obtendrían la mayoría absoluta, según EiTB Focus". EiTB (in Spanish). 27 May 2020.
  52. ^ "EP (17My): Euskadi – Urkullu incontestable. Escaño para Vox". Electomanía (in Spanish). 17 May 2020.
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  54. ^ "EuskoPanel (24A): suben PP+Cs y EH Bildu, bajan PNV y Elk.P". Electomanía (in Spanish). 24 April 2020. Archived from the original on 14 May 2020. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  55. ^ "Especial 5-A: 'efecto bandera' para Feijoo, que sube con fuerza. Urkullu amplía levemente sus apoyos". Electomanía (in Spanish). 5 April 2020. Archived from the original on 7 April 2020. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
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  63. ^ "PAÍS VASCO. Encuesta SigmaDos 01/03/2020: EH BILDU 23,1% (18/21), EAJ-PNV 41,9% (32/34), EP/UP 10,3% (6/8), PSE-EE 14,8% (10/11), PP+Cs 7,5% (4/5)". Electograph (in Spanish). 1 March 2020.
  64. ^ "EuskoPanel (4M): Elkarrekin Podemos araña un escaño a EH Bildu". Electomanía (in Spanish). 4 March 2020.
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  66. ^ "Encuesta NC Report: La coalición PP+Cs frena a Vox en el País Vasco". La Razón (in Spanish). 2 March 2020.
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  72. ^ "EuskoPanel (22F): la unión de PP+Cs empeoraría sus resultados electorales. Vox al borde del escaño en Álava". Electomanía (in Spanish). 22 February 2020.
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